This architectural fragment is estimated to have originated from 456-446 BC and was a functional component of the Temple of Zeus, a significant structure in ancient Greece. The item was essential for water management on the temple's roof, reflecting the dual aspects of practical use and artistic intent often seen in Greek architecture.
The artifact, carved predominantly from marble, has demonstrated significant durability over more than two millennia, which attests to the quality of the materials utilized by the contemporary artisans.
The physical design of the artifact is illustrative of a lion's head, with particular emphasis on a wide-open mouth, the spout for water drainage, with a diameter of approximately 30 cm to facilitate considerable water flow. Attention to detail in the artifact's creation is evident in the intricately carved lines forming the mane, facial features, and expressiveness of the eyes, giving the object a high level of realism.
The lion signifies power and majesty in Greek culture and is associated with the sun god, Zeus. Therefore, the use of this representation aligns with the religious implications of the temple.
Historically, it is likely that the artifact was developed under the architect Libon of Elis, credited with the construction of the Temple of Zeus during the Classical period. The sturdy construction of this artifact aligns with the architectural trends observed during this time, characterized by underlying robustness, functionality, and aesthetic sophistication.
