This carving is a product of Egypt's Fourth Dynasty during the Old Kingdom period (2604–2500 B.C.) and is part of the Metropolitan Museum of Art's collection. Made from Egyptian alabaster, it stands as an example of refined craftsmanship and detailed ornamentation from this era.
The piece measures 11 1/4 x 24 3/8 in. (28.6 x 61.9 cm) and displays a representation of four cattle, arranged in order of apparent societal status. Notably, the first two bovines demonstrate a higher level of detailed elaboration, symbolizing a distinct hierarchy within the depicted herd.
The first bull, denoted as "Mnw," is emphasized through muscled displays and head gestures, presumably of religious significance. Its annotations are filled with hieroglyphs, unearthing its spiritual importance within the scene. The second bovine, labeled "Khufu," exhibits a calm demeanor through a solid stance. The remaining two animals, smaller in size, support the hierarchical theme of the portrayal.
Upon careful examination, approximately 58 symbols and signs are incised into the piece with precision. These indications are mostly tied to animal nomenclature and further data. Specifically, the etched hieroglyphs suggest that this artifact emerged during Pharaoh Khufu's reign, and one of the cattle figurines is named after him.
