Dating from 440 - 430 BC, this Late Classical Period artifact, stands as a significant example of red-figure vase painting from ancient Greece. Applied with a white ground technique, the vase exists in an extensively preserved wide bell-krater form measuring approximately 55 cm in height.
The vessel's structure showcases a broad, shallow body, an expansive rim, diminutive loop handles on both sides and a robust foot.
The vase is distinguished by its remarkable graphic designs, with two prominent friezes incorporated onto its body. The upper frieze presents a celebration scene, likely a procession by worshippers or initiates into the Eleusinian Mysteries, worshipping the goddess Persephone. Varied postures depict the figures holding ritual items such as baskets of offerings, torches and wreathes. Conversely, the lower frieze displays a march of composed warriors, suggesting a return from or preparation for combat.
The principal figure of the upper frieze is distinguished by an ornate hairstyle and formal attire with high-quality linen texture, apparent symbols of the goddess Persephone. This figure, seated on a throne, is adorned with a wreath, often a sign of prosperity and honor. Tall torches symmetrically marking the frieze on either side of the throne further signify her elevated status and the Eleusinian Mysteries.
The detailed crafting in this piece manifests a deep comprehension of visual composition dynamics, and the figures' interaction within a thorough narrative. This representation encapsulates the ancient Greece high classical period's fine artistic sensibility and provides substantial understanding of the period's societal values and beliefs.
Regarding its materials, the vase is primarily constructed from terracotta, a form of earthenware. Its design has been achieved utilizing a slip that turns black during the kiln-firing process. Despite existing over multiple centuries, the artifact remains largely unspoiled, allowing observation of the complexity and finesse of ancient Greek red-figure pottery.
