The artifact of the west pediment from the Temple of Apollo is a notable example of Greek architectural and sculptural work dating back to the early 4th century BC.
Carved from Parian marble, the pediment features dimensions of approximately three meters in height, whereas its length corresponds to the temple's width. This triangular architectural section, which formally served as the upper terminal point of the temple's façade, is rich in decorative details.
The west pediment displays the historical mythological event of the Argonauts' second voyage in search for the Golden Fleece. The detailed carving shows the deity Apollo as the focal point amidst a scene of conflict, emanating an air of tranquility and grandeur. His disproportionately larger size compared to the surrounding figures suggests his divine superiority.
On either side of Apollo, we find figures captured in dynamic poses. One of these figures is thought to be Apollo's sister Artemis, portrayed in an active posture that contrasts with her brother's serenity. The opposing figure, commonly identified as the wind god Boreas, is seen with his wings atop, turning respectfully towards Apollo. The depictions are examples of the Severe Style, characterized by realistic balance, detailed precision, and the ability to capture a wide range of movement expressions prevalent in that era's Greek sculpture.
Surrounding the aforementioned figures are two more, traditionally interpreted as Herakles and Hermes, sculpted at either end of the pediment. Despite seeming smaller in comparison, this is attributable to the intentional diminishing scale chosen to complement the pediment's geometric shape, a common practice in ancient Greek architecture.
This relic serves as an invaluable source of information about Greek mythology and gives insights into the religious beliefs and artistic styles of that period. Its weathered condition notwithstanding, the west pediment remains a standing testament to the high level of mastery possessed by the Greek architects and sculptors of antiquity as it continues to provide spectators an engagement with aesthetic interpretation and the symbolic cosmos of this ancient worship site.
